{"id":8225,"date":"2017-06-20T14:25:03","date_gmt":"2017-06-20T14:25:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lifeplatform.eu\/?p=8225"},"modified":"2017-06-21T08:28:53","modified_gmt":"2017-06-21T08:28:53","slug":"shocking-the-fish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeplatform.eu\/fr\/shocking-the-fish\/","title":{"rendered":"Choc des poissons"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Chasser les poissons des fonds marins : il faut prendre des pr\u00e9cautions avant de promouvoir la p\u00eache par impulsions \u00e9lectriques comme une alternative plus durable au chalutage \u00e0 perche traditionnel.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Bruxelles, le 20 juin 2017<\/p>\n

Brian O'Riordan<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Demain, mercredi 21 juin 2017, une audition aura lieu au Parlement europ\u00e9en sur . p\u00eache \u00e0 l'impulsion \u00e9lectrique<\/strong><\/span> http:\/\/ebcd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Draft-Agenda-Intergroup-event-on-Pulse-Fisheries.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n

L'utilisation de poison, d'explosifs et d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pour la p\u00eache est interdite en Europe (r\u00e8glement europ\u00e9en 850\/98), et le chalutage \u00e0 perche, bien qu'il s'agisse d'une technique ancienne, est et a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 l'origine de nombreuses controverses, hier comme aujourd'hui. Le chalutage \u00e0 perche est l'un des engins les moins s\u00e9lectifs et ayant le plus d'impact sur les fonds marins<\/strong> et les habitats connexes qui sont essentiels aux diff\u00e9rents stades de vie de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces de poissons commercialement importantes.<\/p>\n

Le chalutage \u00e0 impulsions \u00e9lectriques utilise un engin de p\u00eache remorqu\u00e9 relativement l\u00e9ger qui transmet des impulsions \u00e9lectriques pour capturer les esp\u00e8ces cibl\u00e9es par les chaluts \u00e0 perche. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une d\u00e9rogation sp\u00e9ciale pr\u00e9vue par la l\u00e9gislation europ\u00e9enne<\/strong> (r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00b0 43\/2009 du Conseil), cette m\u00e9thode de p\u00eache est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e comme une alternative au chalut \u00e0 perche traditionnel. Sur la base d'une consommation de carburant r\u00e9duite, d'une plus grande s\u00e9lectivit\u00e9 pour la sole et d'un impact r\u00e9duit sur le fond, ses protagonistes la pr\u00e9sentent comme une alternative plus durable au chalut \u00e0 perche traditionnel.<\/p>\n

Contrairement au chalut \u00e0 perche conventionnel, qui utilise des cha\u00eenes chatouilleuses pour stimuler m\u00e9caniquement les esp\u00e8ces cibles du fond marin, le chalut \u00e0 impulsions est constitu\u00e9 d'une perche (ou aile) fix\u00e9e avec des c\u00e2bles recouverts de caoutchouc contenant des \u00e9lectrodes. Ces \u00e9lectrodes produisent de courtes impulsions \u00e9lectriques pour choquer \u00e9lectriquement<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0les esp\u00e8ces cibles du fond de la mer.<\/p>\n

LIFE ne s'oppose pas au d\u00e9veloppement de m\u00e9thodes de p\u00eache alternatives au chalutage \u00e0 perche. Cependant, jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, tr\u00e8s peu de recherches significatives, voire aucune.<\/strong> n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur l'impact des impulsions \u00e9lectriques sur les poissons et autres animaux marins qui y sont soumis. Il est inqui\u00e9tant de constater qu'il n'existe encore aucun moyen de contr\u00f4ler la quantit\u00e9 d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, la fr\u00e9quence des impulsions et les autres caract\u00e9ristiques potentiellement dangereuses de l'engin.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 ces omissions flagrantes, les autorit\u00e9s nationales n\u00e9erlandaises et l'UE font d\u00e9j\u00e0 la promotion du chalutage \u00e0 impulsions comme alternative durable. Il existe d\u00e9j\u00e0 plus de 100 chalutiers \u00e0 perche \u00e9quip\u00e9s pour p\u00eacher \u00e0 l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, principalement aux Pays-Bas mais aussi au Royaume-Uni, en Allemagne et en Belgique, certaines conversions \u00e9tant financ\u00e9es par l'UE.<\/p>\n

Le CIEM et le MSC ont tous deux d\u00e9conseill\u00e9 de<\/strong> permettant une large utilisation de l'\u00e9quipement avant la mise en place de m\u00e9canismes de contr\u00f4le et de r\u00e9glementation efficaces<\/strong> sont mis en place, et avant que nous comprenions l'impact de l'engin sur l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me marin et la vie marine associ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

En f\u00e9vrier 2016, le CIEM a conseill\u00e9 que \"le cadre r\u00e9glementaire existant (pour la p\u00eache puls\u00e9e) est insuffisant pour emp\u00eacher l'introduction de syst\u00e8mes qui pourraient potentiellement avoir de tels impacts (nuisibles).\" L'avis mettait \u00e9galement en garde contre la g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation des r\u00e9sultats de la recherche pour permettre l'extension du chalutage par impulsions \u00e0 d'autres zones ou l'utilisation de nouvelles technologies sans une \u00e9valuation d'impact appropri\u00e9e. Pour plus de d\u00e9tails, voir : http:\/\/www.ices.dk\/news-and-events\/news-archive\/news\/Pages\/Advice-released-on-effects-of-pulse-trawling.aspx<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Une telle \u00e9valuation d'impact appropri\u00e9e n'a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e, et des aspects cruciaux de la recherche sur les caract\u00e9ristiques et les seuils d'impulsion cl\u00e9s en dessous desquels il n'y a pas de preuve d'un impact n\u00e9gatif significatif \u00e0 long terme sur les organismes marins et les communaut\u00e9s benthiques n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s, et il y a \u00e9galement des questions en suspens sur la mortalit\u00e9 diff\u00e9r\u00e9e des esp\u00e8ces, ainsi que sur la fa\u00e7on dont l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 pourrait les affecter d'autres mani\u00e8res, comme la reproduction.<\/p>\n

En novembre 2016, le MSC a refus\u00e9 de certifier les chaluts \u00e0 impulsions en raison de \" l'impact de l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 produite par l'engin sur une s\u00e9rie d'\u00e9l\u00e9ments environnementaux, notamment les esp\u00e8ces ETP [en danger, menac\u00e9es et prot\u00e9g\u00e9es] (y compris les \u00e9lasmobranches) et les organismes benthiques, ce qui peut \u00e9galement avoir des r\u00e9percussions sur l'\u00e9cologie plus large de la zone p\u00each\u00e9e \" . Pour plus de d\u00e9tails, voir : https:\/\/www.msc.org\/newsroom\/news\/assessment-clarifies-sustainability-challenges-for-pulse-trawl-fisheries<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Avant de d\u00e9livrer de nouvelles licences de p\u00eache au chalut \u00e0 percussion ou de promouvoir le chalutage \u00e0 percussion en tant qu'alternative durable, les Low Impact Fishers of Europe insistent sur le fait que le chalutage \u00e0 percussion doit \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une alternative durable. que des mesures appropri\u00e9es doivent \u00eatre prises<\/strong> pour garantir que a) il est impossible d'interf\u00e9rer avec la transmission d'impulsions \u00e9lectriques pendant la p\u00eache, b) un cadre r\u00e9glementaire et un syst\u00e8me de contr\u00f4le applicables sont en place, et c) enfin et surtout, une recherche et un d\u00e9veloppement ad\u00e9quats sont entrepris pour garantir que la p\u00eache par impulsions \u00e9lectriques a un impact n\u00e9gatif minimal sur la faune et la flore des fonds marins, ainsi que sur les effets l\u00e9taux et subl\u00e9taux sur les esp\u00e8ces de poissons qui se trouvent dans son rayon d'action.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u2666 \u2666<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Choquer les poissons des fonds marins : des pr\u00e9cautions sont n\u00e9cessaires avant de promouvoir la p\u00eache \u00e0 impulsions \u00e9lectriques comme une alternative plus durable au chalutage traditionnel \u00e0 perche. Bruxelles, 20 juin 2017 Brian O'Riordan Demain, mercredi 21 juin 2017, une audition aura lieu au Parlement europ\u00e9en sur la p\u00eache \u00e0 impulsion \u00e9lectrique http:\/\/ebcd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Draft-Agenda-Intergroup-event-on-Pulse-Fisheries.pdf. L'utilisation de poison, d'explosifs [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8226,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[681,745,746],"class_list":["post-8225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-gears","tag-pulse-fishing","tag-selectivity","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nShocking the fish - Life Platform<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lifeplatform.eu\/fr\/shocking-the-fish\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Shocking the fish - Life Platform\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Shocking the fish off the seabed: precaution is needed prior to promoting electric pulse fishing as a more sustainable alternative for traditional beam trawling. 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